Question 14: Simplify the Boolean expression A + A.
Solution: A
- This is the Idempotent Law of Boolean algebra, which states that A + A = A.
Question 15: Simplify the Boolean expression A + 1.
Solution: 1
- This follows the Domination Law: A + 1 = 1, because any variable ORed with 1 is always equal to 1.
Question 16: Simplify the Boolean expression A * 0.
Solution: 0
- This follows the Domination Law: A * 0 = 0, because any variable ANDed with 0 is always equal to 0.
Question 17: Simplify the Boolean expression A * 1.
Solution: A
- This follows the Identity Law: A * 1 = A, because any variable ANDed with 1 remains unchanged.
Question 18: Prove that A * A = A.
Solution: A
- This is the Idempotent Law of Boolean algebra, which states that A * A = A.
Question 19: Simplify the Boolean expression (A + B)'.
Solution: A'B'
- This is an application of De Morgan's Law: (A + B)' = A'B'.
Question 20: Simplify the Boolean expression (AB)'.
Solution: A' + B'
- This is an application of De Morgan's Law: (AB)' = A' + B'.
Question 21: Simplify the Boolean expression A(A' + B).
Solution: AB
- Using the Distributive Law: A(A' + B) = AA' + AB.
- Since AA' = 0, the expression simplifies to AB.
Question 22: Simplify the Boolean expression AB + A'B'.
Solution: A ≡ B (A XNOR B)
- This is the standard expression for XNOR (exclusive NOR): A ≡ B = AB + A'B'.
Question 23: Simplify the Boolean expression (A + B')(A' + B).
Solution: A'B + AB'
- This is the expression for XOR: A'B + AB' = A ⊕ B.
Question 24: Simplify the Boolean expression (A' + B)(A' + B').
Solution: A'
- Using the Distributive Law: (A' + B)(A' + B') = A'(A' + B') + B(A' + B').
- Simplifying: A' + B(A' + B') = A' + B'A + B'.
- Using De Morgan's, the final result is A'.
Question 25: Simplify the Boolean expression A(B + C).
Solution: AB + AC
- This follows the Distributive Law: A(B + C) = AB + AC.